مصطلحات مهمة باللغة الإنجليزية خاصة بالصلاة لهواة الترجمة
مصطلحات خاصة بالصلاة (7)
Validity of Prayer
صُفُوفٌ (جَمعُ صَفٍّ وَهُوَ اِصطِفَافُ الأَشخَاصِ بِجَانِبِ بَعضِهَا البَعضِ)
Lines = Rows
صَلَاةُ الاِستِخَارَةُ (هِيَ صَلَاةٌ يُصَلِّيهَا الإِنسَانُ لِيَطلُبَ مِن اللَّهِ أَن يَختَارَ لَهُ مِمَّا فِيهِ الخَيرُ بِدُعَاءٍ مَخصُوصٍ يَدعُو بِهِ لِأَنَّهُ مُتَحَيِّرٌ بَينَ أَمرَينِ لَا يَعرِفُ أَخيَرَهُمَا)
Prayer for Istikharah [Guidance]: A two-rak`ah Prayer in which a person appeals to Allah to guide him on the right way regarding a certain deed or situation with which one is confronted
صَلَاةُ الاِستِسقَاءِ (يُصَلِّيهَا المُسلِمُونَ جَمَاعَةً يَسأَلَونَ اللَّهَ أَن يُنَزِّلَ الغَيثَ مِن السَّمَاءِ إِذَا حَلَّ القَحطُ, وَهِيَ رَكعَتَانِ)
Prayer for Istisqa' [Rain]: A two-rak`ah Prayer performed in time of drought
صَلَاةُ التَّرَاوِيحِ (يُصَلِّيهَا المُسلِمُونَ جَمَاعَةً فِي شَهرِ رَمَضَانَ عَقِبَ صَلَاةِ العِشَاءِ وَسُمِّيَت بِالتَّرَاوِيحِ لِأَنَّهُ يَعقُبُ كُلَّ رَكَعَتَينِ مِنهَا تَروِيحَةٌ أَي اِستِرَاحَةٌ)
Al-Tarawih Prayers: Special Prayers performed after the Evening Prayer during the month of Ramadan. They consist of eight to twenty rak`ahs offered two by two with a short break after each two rak`ahs
صَلَاةُ التَّطَوُّعِ (التَّطَوُّعُ هُوَ مَا زَادَ عَلَى الفَرِيضَةِ , وَهِيَ الصَّلَاةُ الغَيرُ مَفرُوضَةٍ)
Voluntary Prayer
صَلَاةُ التَّهَجُّدِ (هِيَ صَلَاةُ اللَّيلِ يُصَلِّيهَا المُسلِمُ فِي ثُلُثِ اللَّيلِ)
Optional Night Prayer
صَلَاةُ التَّوبَةِ (وَهِيَ صَلَاةٌ يُصَلِّيهَا المُصَلِّي إِذَا أَرَادَ الرُّجُوعَ عَن ذَنبٍ مَا)
Prayer of Penitence = Prayer of Repentance
صَلَاةُ الجَمَاعَةِ (الَّتِي يُصَلِّيهَا المُسلِمُونَ جَمَاعَةً بِإِمِامٍ يَؤُمُّهُم)
Congregational Prayer
صَلَاةُ الجُمُعَةِ (سُمِّيَت بِهَذَا لِأَنَّهَا تَجمَعُ المُسلِمِينَ كُلَّ أُسبُوعٍ فِي المَسجِدِ وَهِيَ رَكعَتَانِ تُصَلَّيَانِ ظُهرَ الجُمُعَةِ بَدَلًا مِن صَلَاةِ الظُّهرِ)
Al-Jumu`ah [Friday] Prayer: This Prayer falls on Friday of every week in the same time as the Noon Prayer. It must be performed in congregation led by an Imam. It consists of two rak`ahs preceded by a sermon.
صَلَاةُ الجَنَازَةِ (صَلَاةُ المُسلِمِينَ عَلَى المَيِّتِ قَبلَ دَفنِهِ)
Al-Janazah [Funeral] Prayer: It is a Prayer to Allah for a deceased Muslim which is performed as a collective duty and includes no Bowing or Prostration.
صَلَاةُ الحَاجَةِ (يُصَلِّيهَا الإِنسَانُ إِذَا عَرَضَت لَهُ حَاجَةٌ وَعَجَزَ عَن أَدَائِهَا فَيَلجَأُ إِلَى اللَّهِ بِالصَّلَاةِ لِكَي تُقضَى حَاجَتُهُ)
Prayer of Need: Two rak`ahs for the fulfillment of a want
صَلَاةُ الخَوفِ (هِيَ الصَّلَاَةُ المَفرُوضَةُ يَتِمُّ أَدَاؤُهَا عَلَى طَرِيقَةٍ مُعَيَّنَةٍ أَثنَاءَ مُلَاقَاةِ العَدُوِّ)
Prayer of Fear: Any of the obligatory prayers, performed in a certain way in times of fear, such as wars
صَلَاةُ السَّفَرِ (يَقُومُ الشَّخصُ المُسَافِرُ بِالجَمعِ بَينَ الفَرضَينِ وَالتَّقصِيرِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَهِيَ رُخصَةٌ لِلمُسَافِرِ بِسَبَبِ حُضُورِ أَكثَرِ مِن وَقتٍ عَلَيهِ وَهُوَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ)
Prayer during Journey: When a person is traveling with the intention of proceeding forty-miles or over from his home, he should shorten the obligatory Prayer of four rak`ahs to two each. The curtailment remains effective even after the traveler arrives at his destination, if he doesn't intend to prolong his stay there for fifteen days or more.
صَلَاةُ السُّنَّةِ (وَهِيَ عِبَارَةٌ عَن رَكعَتَينِ أَو أَربَعَ يُصَلِّيهَا المُصَلِّي قَبلَ وَبَعدَ فَرِيضَةِ الصَّلَاةِ وَهِيَ سُنَّةٌ عَن الرَّسُولِ يَستَنُّ بِهَا المُسلِمُونَ)
Supererogatory Prayer: A two or four-rak`ah Prayer to be performed before and after the obligatory Prayer. Through these Prayers man will come closer to Allah and will be rewarded. However, one will not be punished for their neglect.
صَلَاةُ السُّنَّةِ أَثنَاءَ الخُطبَةِ (وَهِيَ أَن يَقُومَ المُصَلِّي أَثنَاءَ الخُطبَةِ يُصَلِّي رَكعَتَينِ سُنَّةً عِندَ دُخُولِ المَسجِدِ قَبلَ أَن يَقعُدَ)
Performing supererogatory Prayer while the sermon is being delivered
صَلَاةُ الصُّبحِ
Al-Subh [Morning] Prayer: A two-rak`ah Prayer performed at true dawn, which occurs when the light first appears from darkness of night and extends until the sun rises.
صَلَاةُ الضُّحَى (تُصَلَّى بَعدَ اِرتِفَاعِ الشَّمسِ مِقدَارَ مِيلٍ)
Forenoon Praye : A supererogatory Prayer performed at the time when the sun sufficiently rises when a quarter of the day has passed.
صَلَاةُ الظُّهرِ
Al-Zhuhr [Noon] Prayer: An obligatory Prayer that consists of four rak`ahs, its time starts as soon as the sun passes its meridian or say, just after the noon when the shadows of things become equal to their originals
صَلَاةُ العِشَاءِ
Al-`Isha' [Evening] Prayer: An obligatory Prayer that consists of four rak`ahs, the first two of which are to be performed in an audible voice.
صَلَاةُ العَصرِ
Al-`Asr [Afternoon] Prayer: An obligatory Prayer that consists of four rak`ahs; it is performed in the same way as the Al-Zhuhr Prayer, and in a low voice. Its time starts when the shadow of an object is equal to its own length plus the length of its noontime shadow and extends until sunset
صَلَاةُ العِيدِ
The `Id [Feast] Prayer : Either the one performed on the Lesser Feast (1st of Shawwal) or the one performed on the Greater Feast (10th of Dhul-Hijjah). Each of these Prayers consists of two rak`ahs, and no Adhan or Iqamah should precede it
صَلَاةُ العِيدَينِ (هِيَ رَكعَتَانِ تُصَلَّيَانِ ضُحَى يَومَي الفِطرِ وَالأُضحَى وَفِيهَا تَكبِيرَاتُ الزَّوَائِدِ)
Prayers of the Two Feasts
صَلَاةُ الفَجرِ (هِيَ رَكعَتَا السُّنَّةِ اللَّتَانِ يُؤَدِّيهِمَا المُسلِمُ قَبلَ صَلَاةِ الصُّبحِ المَفرُوضَةِ)
Dawn Prayer: Two supererogatory rak`ahs performed before the prescribed Prayer of Al-Subh"
صَلَاةُ الفَردِ (صَلَاةُ الشَّخصِ بِمُفرَدِهِ)
Individual Prayer
صَلَاةُ الفَرضِ (الفَرِيضَةُ الَّتِي فَرَضَهَا الشَّارِعُ)
Obligatory Prayer
صَلَاةُ الكُسُوفِ وَالخُسُوفِ (وَهِيَ رَكعَتَانِ يُصَلِّيهَا المُسلِمُونَ عِندَ كُسُوفِ الشَّمسِ أَي زَوَالِ ضَوئِهَا وَعِندَ خُسُوفِ القَمَرِ)
Eclipse Prayer: A two-rak`ah Prayer performed upon the eclipse, whether of the sun or the moon; it is preferably performed in congregation and in a loud voice. Each rak`ah consists of two Bowings and two Prostrations. At the end of the Prayer the Imam preaches a short sermon in which he speaks of the lessons learned from situations of this nature.
صَلَاةُ المَرِيضِ
Prayer of the Sick: If it is impossible for a sick person to stand for Prayer, he may perform it while being seated, bowing and prostrating himself from this position. If he is unable to bow or prostrate himself, he should make a token gesture with his head, bringing it lower for a Prostration than for a Bowing. If he is unable to sit, he should perform the Prayer lying on his side facing the Qiblah. If he is unable to do that, he should perform the Prayer lying on his back with his legs pointing towards the Ka`bah and making token gestures for the Bowings and Prostrations. Should he be unable to do even this, then the Prayer is postponed.
صَلَاةُ المَغرِبِ
Al-Maghrib [Sunset] Prayer: An obligatory Prayer that consists of three rak`ahs, the first two of which would be performed in an audible voice. This Prayer is performed from sunset until the end of twilight.
صَلَاةُ الوَترِ (وَهِيَ رَكعَةٌ أَو ثَلَاثُ رَكَعَاتٍ تُصَلَّى عَقِبَ صَلَاةِ العِشَاءِ إِلَى صَلَاةِ الفَجرِ)
Al-Witr Prayer (Odd Prayer): Al-Witr is a prayer that consists either of one or three rak`ahs performed in the period from after the `Isha' [Evening] Prayer until before the Dawn Prayer
صَلَاةٌ فَائِتَةٌ (الَّتِي فَاتَت المُصَلِّي أَي لَم يُدرِكهَا وَلَم يُصَلِّيهَا فَيُصَلِّيهَا عِندَ تَذَكُّرِهَا)
Missed Prayer
صَلَاةُ قَصرٍ (صَلَاةُ رَكعَتَينِ بَدَلًا مِن أَربَعَ)
Shortening Prayer: A four-rak`ah Prayer can be curtailed into two in certain circumstances
صَلَاةٌ مَفرُوضَةٌ (وَاجِبَةٌ فَرَضَهَا الشَّارِعُ وَهِيَ الصَّلَوَاتُ الخَمسُ)
Obligatory Prayer
صَلَاةٌ مَكتُوبَةٌ (الصَّلَوَاتُ المَفرُوضَةُ)
Prescribed Prayer
تحياتي
Muhammad Mustafa
